Brésil Profil du Membre
Situation concernant les notifications au cours de la période considérée
2010-2012
2012-2014
2014-2016
2016-2018
2018-2020
2020-2022
2022-2024
2024-2026
Renseignements sur la notification
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Brésil
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11/01/2021
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2018-2020
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Brésil
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27/05/2020
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2018-2020
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Brésil
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21/09/2018
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2016-2018
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Brésil
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22/08/2016
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2012-2014, 2014-2016
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Types de restrictions
Toutes les périodes biennales et toutes les notifications
Top 10 des chapitres du SH notifiés
Toutes les périodes biennales et toutes les notifications
Top 10 des justifications de l'OMC notifiées
Toutes les périodes biennales et toutes les notifications
Top 10 des engagements non-OMC notifiés
Toutes les périodes biennales et toutes les notifications
Détails de la RQ
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Examen de politique commerciale
Dernier examen de politique commerciale (Rapport du Secrétariat de l'OMC): WT/TPR/S/432/Rev.1
A. Prohibitions et restrictions à l'importation et licences d'importation
3.52.
In general, Brazil maintains import prohibitions on health and moral grounds, and to comply with international conventions to which it is a party. The Brazilian list of import prohibitions remained broadly unchanged during the review period, apart from an update of the legislation governing controls on weapons and ammunition (Table 3.5).
3.53.
Brazil's latest notifications to the Committee on Import Licensing date from 2016.[234] During the review period, Brazil provided replies to several follow-up questions on its import licensing system.[235]
3.54.
Brazil maintains automatic and non-automatic import licensing requirements for various products, regardless of their origin.[236] Requests for both types of licences are submitted online through Siscomex and processed by 18 competent administrative bodies.[237] The granting of some import licences may require intervention (approval) by more than one body. Import licences are non-transferrable and valid for 90 days. Refusal to grant a licence may be appealed before the relevant licensing body. Some bodies may levy a fee for the import licence; according to the authorities, the fees reflect the cost of services rendered.
3.55.
The authorities indicate that a new licensing system is being rolled out with the DUIMP and is already fully operational for exports (Section 3.2.3). The system's full implementation is expected to take place by the end of 2023.
3.56.
The scope of Brazil's licensing requirements was narrowed down during the review period. SECEX discontinued automatic import licensing for statistical monitoring purposes in August 2020 and non‑automatic import licensing for trade remedies and origin verifications in April 2021. A contract delegating certain licensing competences to Banco do Brasil S.A. was terminated in October 2021. The authorities indicate that SECEX currently applies automatic licensing requirements to imports under the drawback regime's suspension and exemption modalities, as well as non-automatic licensing requirements to imports of used goods[238], goods subject to similarity examination[239], and goods under tariff quotas. Non-automatic licensing requirements also remain in place to prevent environmental damage and harm to human, plant, or animal health, as well as to control imports of products classified as weapons.
3.57.
Besides any product‑specific import controls, the customs release of consignments shipped to Brazil in wooden packaging also requires analysis of the packaging and consent by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA). The analysis may be carried out before or after cargo arrival, depending on established procedures at each MAPA local unit. MAPA local units have some discretion over the way their operations are organized, including with regard to implementing manual or automated processes and using a risk assessment framework for selection of wooden packaging containers to be inspected. As a result, at certain border posts all consignments in wooden packaging are physically inspected.[240]
B. Prohibitions et restrictions à l'exportation
3.69.
Brazil maintains export prohibitions for health and environmental protection reasons, and in compliance with international agreements and United Nations resolutions.[254] Exports of certain medical, hospital, and hygiene products (18 tariff lines) deemed essential for combating the spread of COVID‑19 in Brazil were prohibited between April 2020 and May 2022 unless the Ministry of Health deemed that there was sufficient supply for the domestic market.[255]
3.70.
Export authorization or licensing requirements remain in place for several products, mainly for safety, health, security, environmental, or native fauna protection reasons. SUEXT remains in charge of licensing Brazilian exports that are subject to tariff quotas in certain destination markets.[256] In addition to SUEXT, 15 administrative entities have export authorization competences, and some products require authorization by more than one entity. As at June 2022, exports classifiable under 1,832 eight-digit tariff lines (representing around 17.7% of Brazil's tariff) were subject to some form of prior authorization.[257] The main product categories requiring prior export authorization included chemicals, pharmaceuticals, wood products, and live animals.
3.71.
A new system for export licensing was implemented in 2018 and is being gradually rolled out for import licensing as well. The authorities indicate that system introduced support for multiple operations per licence, differentiated licence validity periods, and use of the licence by different branches of the same company.
Base de données sur l'environnement de l'OMC (BDE)
La BDE contient des mesures relatives à l'environnement qui peuvent être considérées comme des RQ et qui devraient donc être notifiées au titre de la Décision sur les restrictions quantitatives.
Voir les mesures relatives à l'environnement prise par le Membre