Canadá Perfil del Miembro
Situación de las notificaciones correspondientes al período sobre el que se informa
2010-2012
2012-2014
2014-2016
2016-2018
2018-2020
2020-2022
2022-2024
2024-2026
Información sobre la notificación
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Canadá
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30/09/2024
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2024-2026
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Canadá
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30/09/2022
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2020-2022
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Canadá
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01/04/2022
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2020-2022
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Canadá
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13/12/2021
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2020-2022
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Canadá
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15/12/2020
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2020-2022
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Canadá
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30/09/2020
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2018-2020, 2020-2022
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Canadá
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30/09/2016
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2016-2018
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Canadá
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23/10/2014
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2014-2016
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Canadá
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07/11/2012
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2012-2014
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Tipos de restricciones
Todos los períodos bienales y todas las notificaciones
Top 10 de los capítulos del HS notificados
Todos los períodos bienales y todas las notificaciones
Top 10 de las justificaciones de la OMC notificadas
Todos los períodos bienales y todas las notificaciones
Top 10 de los compromisos no OMC notificados
Todos los períodos bienales y todas las notificaciones
Detalles de la restricción cuantitativa
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Examen de las políticas comerciales
Último Examen de las Políticas Comerciales (Informe de la Secretaría de la OMC) WT/TPR/S/389/Rev.1
A. Importación prohibiciones, restricciones y licencias de importación
3.60.
The importation of certain goods into Canada is prohibited by law. Such goods are grouped within tariff lines 9897.00.00, 9898.00.00 and 9899.00.00 of the Customs Tariff[171], and include certain endangered species or those posing a potential threat to the environment; base or counterfeit coins; used or second-hand mattresses and materials therefrom; reprints of Canadian copyrighted works or British works copyrighted in Canada; prison labour goods; certain used or second-hand motor vehicles and aircraft; white phosphorous matches; firearms and prohibited or restricted weapons and ammunition; asbestos and products containing asbestos; and publications deemed obscene, constituting hate or terrorist propaganda, or of treacherous or seditious character within the meaning of the Criminal Code. The CBSA provides further information on the underlying policy in its D9 Memoranda series. Since the last TPR, the CBSA has issued updated memoranda on the importation of used or second-hand vehicles (August 2016), policies regarding the classification of obscene material (June 2017) and hate propaganda, sedition, and treason materials (July 2017); and a revised memorandum on the determination procedures for obscenity and hate propaganda (September 2018).[172] The basic features of the system remain unchanged.
3.61.
According to Section 5(1) of the Export and Import Permits Act, the Governor in Council is empowered to establish an Import Control List (ICL) to: (i) ensure the best possible supply of articles in scarce supply in world markets or in Canada, or articles subject to governmental controls in the country of origin or to allocation by intergovernmental arrangement; (ii) support any action taken under the Farm Product Agencies Act; (iii) restrict the importation of arms, ammunition, implements or munitions of war, etc.; (iv) implement an action taken under the Agricultural Marketing Programs Act or the Canadian Dairy Commission Act, with the object or effect of supporting the price of the article; (v) implement an intergovernmental arrangement or commitment; or (vi) to prevent imports that frustrate or circumvent the WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing. The ICL is updated regularly, and currently classifies goods in 193 product categories.[173]
3.62.
Canada notifies its import licensing procedures to the WTO on a regular basis. The most recent notification, covering 2016, provides information on licensing applied to enforce requirements under the Export and Import Permits Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. E-19), acts pertaining to controlled drugs and substances, explosives, nuclear safety and controlled rough diamonds, wild animal and plant protection, animal health, fish inspection, food and drugs, the National Energy Board Act (oil and gas), the Canada Agricultural Products Act (fruit, vegetables, and cheeses), and the Grower Requested Own Use (GROU) Program (Canadian-registered agricultural pesticides). In addition, on the basis of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, Canada has promulgated several regulations governing the exportation, importation, interprovincial movement, and recycling of hazardous waste, as well as the Ozone-depleting Substances and Halocarbon Alternatives Regulations to implement intergovernmental arrangements and commitments (Table 3.17). Source: WTO document G/LIC/N/3/CAN/17, 1 October 2018; and information provided by the authorities.
3.63.
Updated regulations to ban asbestos, and products containing it, came into force on 30 December 2018, and the Government repealed its previous control measures. The Prohibition of Asbestos and Products Containing Asbestos Regulations issued under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA), were finalized in October 2018. Their coming into force led to the repeal of the Asbestos Products Regulations, which had been issued under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act. The new Regulations ban the import, sale and use of the substance and products containing it, with several limited exceptions. These include a time-limited exemption for the chlor‑alkali industry until the end of 2029. The changes come under Canada's comprehensive strategy to manage asbestos, announced in December 2016.[174]
B. Exportación prohibiciones y restricciones
3.119.
The Exports and Imports Permits Act (EIPA), first enacted in 1947, constitutes the principal legal basis for Canada's export control regime. For exports, the EIPA authorizes the Governor in Council to establish an Export Control List (ECL), an Area Control List (ACL), and an Automatic Firearms Country Control List (AFCCL). The ECL lists goods and technology that require an export permit. Countries listed on the ACL require a permit prior to the export of any goods and technology, whether they are listed on the ECL or not. The Export Permit Regulations (EPR) stipulate how permits may be obtained, whether transaction-based (Individual Permit) or in facilitated treatment (General Permit). Canada's export controls are administered by the Trade Controls Bureau at Global Affairs Canada and are enforced by the CBSA and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Global Affairs Canada reports annually to Parliament on developments in the administration of the EIPA.[235]
3.120.
Exporters may apply electronically for export permits or certificates, or request amendments, through Export Controls Online (EXCOL) or the Export and Import Control System (EICS), or by fax or regular mail. The EICS, which is used for applications, approvals, and processing of non-strategic controlled goods, also includes quota management functions. EXCOL is used to submit applications for export permits of military and strategic dual-use goods. EXCOL may also be used, for example, to seek advisory opinions on whether an item would appear to fall within the scope of the ECL. Recognized users of EXCOL may also submit quarterly utilization reports for military goods and print selected documents at their premises. There are currently in excess of 4,200 EXCOL users.
3.121.
The main items subject to export controls by Canada include military and strategic dual-use goods; nuclear energy materials and technology; and missile, chemical or biological goods of non‑proliferation concern.[236] Most items on the ECL derive from Canada's commitments to like‑minded countries which participate in multilateral export control regimes, or from Canada's international obligations as a signatory to multilateral or bilateral agreements. The export of other types of goods and certain activities may also be subject to United Nations trade sanctions or arms embargoes against particular countries or regions.
3.122.
Canada also controls exports of miscellaneous non-strategic goods, such as softwood lumber, unprocessed logs, rough diamonds, and certain agricultural, textile or other items with medical value. Many of the non-strategic items on Canada's Export Control List are there to ensure the orderly marketing of the commodity. In the case of rough diamonds, Canada's international commitments to the Kimberly Process Certification Scheme (elimination of conflict diamonds) are fulfilled through the Export and Import of Rough Diamonds Act. Many of the permits issued in connection with ECL and ACL controls are delivered free of charge, while others may be subject to a nominal fee.
3.123.
The orderly marketing of certain textiles and clothing exports to the United States under NAFTA is ensured through the issuance of mandatory Certificates of Eligibility, and exports of refined sugar, sugar-containing products and peanut butter are controlled to comply with U.S. import quotas.[237] Goods and technologies of U.S. origin require individual export permits when resold to countries subject to U.S. export restrictions and sanctions, such as Cuba, Iran, and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The ECL was amended in September 2017 to implement origin quotas stemming from the provisional application of the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between Canada and the EU. Export permits are henceforth needed when preferential tariff treatment is claimed in the EU market for goods such as high-sugar containing products, sugar confectionery and chocolate preparations, processed foods, dog and cat food, vehicles, and specific apparel goods for export marketing purposes.
3.124.
Canada applies sanctions and related measures against certain countries, including individuals and entities associated with terrorist activities. These actions are taken under the United Nations Act, the Special Economic Measures Act, or the Justice for Victims of Corrupt Foreign Officials Act. The precise measures are laid down in individual regulations.[238] Belarus was removed from the ACL in June 2017, and the only country listed in Canada's ACL on it at present is the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
Base de Datos sobre Medio Ambiente (BDMA) de la OMC
La BDMA contiene medidas relacionadas con el medio ambiente que pueden considerarse RC, las cuales, por lo tanto, deben notificarse con arreglo a la Decisión sobre las restricciones cuantitativas.
Ver las medidas relacionadas con el medio ambiente adoptadas por el Miembro