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Examen de las políticas comerciales
Último Examen de las Políticas Comerciales (Informe de la Secretaría de la OMC) WT/TPR/S/424/Rev.1
A. Importación prohibiciones, restricciones y licencias de importación
3.41.
Imports into Pakistan are governed by the Customs Act 1969, Customs Rules 2001, and the Import Policy Order 2020. The Import Policy Order 2020 provides for the import of all goods unless specified in Appendix A (prohibited items) (Table A3.2), Appendix B (restricted items) (Table A3.3), or Appendix C (import restrictions on used goods) (Table A3.4). Furthermore, under the provisions of the Law, the Government may prohibit or restrict imports where it is deemed to be in the public interest to do so.
3.42.
Imports of certain goods are banned due to health, safety, security, moral, religious, and environmental reasons. Additionally, imports from Israel or those of Israeli origin are banned.
3.43.
Items on the restricted list can be imported under certain conditions, which are specified in Appendix B of the Import Policy Order. These include prior approval or clearance, clearing testing arrangements, and complying with certain procedural requirements (Appendix B of the Order, Part 2). Import of second-hand plant machinery by the construction, mining, and petroleum sectors is allowed, subject to a pre-shipment inspection by companies listed in Appendix D of the Import Policy Order.
3.44.
Part II of Appendix B of the Import Policy Order 2020 provides an overview of the procedural requirements for the importation of restricted items, including permissions and registrations to be obtained. It appears Pakistan does not maintain an import licensing regime within the meaning of Article 1.1 of the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures. However, Pakistan has not submitted replies to the WTO Questionnaire on Import Licensing Procedures. The authorities state that the submission was being prepared.
3.45.
Any dispute or clarification regarding the import status of any item that cannot be resolved by Customs can be referred to the MoC, whose decision is final.
B. Exportación prohibiciones y restricciones
3.63.
Pakistan prohibits the export of certain goods based on moral, religious, health, social, and environmental grounds, as well as those whose trade is prohibited under international treaties such as CITES and UN resolutions. Pakistan also prohibits exports to Israel and India (except therapeutic products regulated by the Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan). Export of some products considered to be essential is also prohibited to ensure adequate domestic supply. However, under Section 5 of the Export Policy Order 2020, the Federal Government has the power to relax any prohibition or restriction detailed in the Order.
3.64.
Goods prohibited for export are listed in Schedule I of the Export Policy Order 2020. These include, inter alia, counterfeit products, chemicals that can be used in the manufacture of chemical weapons, wild mammals and reptiles, pulses, gram, gram flour, sugar, fissionable material, intoxicants and intoxicating liquors, fertilizer including urea, charcoal and firewood, wood and timber, shuttering material of poplar wood, Sann hemp, anti-personnel landmines, antiquities, wheat and wheat flour, and wheat products.
3.65.
According to the authorities, Pakistan does not maintain an export licensing regime. However, the export of certain products is restricted, and those products can only be exported if certain conditions are met. These are detailed in Schedule II of the Export Policy Order 2020 (Table 3.7).
3.66.
Pakistan also has a negative list of items for export to Afghanistan under the duty drawback scheme; these are detailed in Schedule III of the Export Policy Order 2020 and include cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes of tobacco or of tobacco substitutes; dyes and chemicals; yarn of all types; polyester metalized film; ball bearings; and vegetable ghee and cooking oil (if exported from EPZs, manufacturing bonds, and export-oriented units). These are mainly surgical goods.
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